Early detection refers to the identification of a disease or health condition in its earliest stages, before it has progressed to a more advanced or severe state. Early detection can lead to more successful treatment outcomes, as it allows for interventions to be implemented sooner when the disease is easier to treat or manage. Research in early detection aims to develop new and improved screening methods, diagnostic tools, and biomarkers that can detect diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and infectious diseases at earlier stages. This research area is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.